Islamic Arts Museum

Islamic Arts Museum Biography

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objects, architectural constructions stand as an appearance and reflections of that educationaland artistic background. It might be a mistake to say that there is not any relationship betweenarts and sciences because art sometimes and also helped science in the transmission of knowledge as we see in the Husayn b. Al- Sufi’s work. One can think about career lines andeducational activities of artists,
majlis/majalis
of scholars and artists. Before analyzing theseto comprehend phenomenon clearly, we need a broader view of artistic and intellectual life.GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT MEDIEVAL ISLAMIC WORLDMedieval Islamic world, to give general information, is very huge geography and verylong time span to grasp with several sentences. Mostly, it is known as the most prolific timesof the Islamic world in terms of scientific innovations and production of new knowledge. Thetranslation movement under Abbasid’s reign (and
 Beyt al-Hikma
as place for knowledge production and scholastic life) shows the encapsulation of the environment. Besides, it was azone of fragmented political relationships. However, such situation did not make this world acontentious one in terms of art, culture and science rather vivid political relationships betweensmall and larger powers gave these phenomena a momentum to improve themselves. Of course, this could be because of their understanding of religion, nation, land and other basicdynamics of life. For example, Nasr al-Din Tusi (1201- 1275) was a Shi’a but he could find a place for himself in Mongol court after the conquest of Baghdad and became vizier of Chengis Khan. He leaded the very famous observatory in Maragha as a prominentastronomer. Under this realm he also wrote treatises about Shi’a faith and displayed hisversatile characteristic as a polymath. What one can try to say is, such relations betweendynasties and powers do not affect intellectual life negatively all the time. Rather by5

 producing highly educated people of different branches, context presents fabulous interaction between various sides of medieval Islamic life.BIOGRAPHIESIn medieval Islamic world there are people who are between the borders of art andscience. For example, there is Ibn al-Razzaz al-Jazari(1136-1233); what can we call him? Ishe an artist or a scientist? Indeed, he is both. He was famous as a mathematician, andcraftsman. His book
al-Jāmi bain al-ilm wa al-amal al-nafi fi sinaat al-hiyal
ʿ ʿ
(The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices) in 1206 was very well known and accepted asa cult in the science of automata. Al-Jazari, in this book, describes hundred mechanicaldevices and instructions to construct them. He was very talented in toolmaker and geometer.However, he did not stand at in the borders of science and spanned his abilities to the artisticworld. In the book, he also recounts a massive bronze door, which he designed for the palaceof Artuqid prince al-Malik al-Salih Nasir al-Din in Amid.
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(The book was also dedicated tothis prince.) According to account, the door is “made of cast brass for the king’s palace in thecity of Amid. It is the
chef-d'œuvre
, to view saddles are strapped on. Truly it is the pearl, theorphan, a priceless possession.”
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By praising such object he also gives clues about approach toarts. Having a creativity situated in a place between art and science he became a practicalgeometer who diffused his scientific theories to the practical world of art. As Tabbaa states;al-Jazari “and perhaps others like them, chose to situate their creative efforts in the middleground between theory and practice, creating models and templates for later artisans andenriching the science of geometry through experimentation.”
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 Another example like al-Jazari, is Muhammed b. Muhammed bin Osman al-Tusi fromKhorosan. In Konya, he designed the tiles of Sırçalı (Muslihiye) Medrese which was ordered
7
ibid, pg.97
8
Yasser Tabbaa,
The Transformation of Islamic Art during the Sunni Revival,
I.B Tauris, London 2002 pg.73
9
ibid., pg. 96
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 by Gıyas al-Din Keyhüsrev II in 1242-3. On one of the inscriptions of the Medrese (onlycopy is in the Berlin Museum of Islamic Arts) he testifies a reliability of his artistic talent. Hesays: “
 Dünyada bir eşi benzeri daha olmayan bu nakışı ben yaptım. Ben bâki değilim, fakat bu eser hatıra olarak bâki kalacaktır.”
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His relevance to designing is obvious but it seemsthat he had a hand in the fields of chemistry. This artist added a new color, cobalt blue, and brought an innovation to color program of Anatolian tiles. It is said that probably, he was notonly designed tiles but personally involved and worked in the production of these tiles.
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So,although he is not a geometer like al-Jazari or al-Harithi, as a tile-maker/designer he alsorevealed himself both in the fields of arts and sciences.Of course one of the best examples of such people is Abu al-Fadl b. Abd Al-KarimMuhammed al-Harithi (d. 1202-3), who was known as
al-muhandis
, the geometer. Like hisdescendant Al-Jazari, he also wrote a book about mechanical devices,
The Book of the Knowledge of Mechanical Devices.
And like Al-Sufi’s, his workis also important in thetransmission of Islamic illustrated manuscripts. According to Eva R. Hoffman such books arealso important to build ties between intellectual and cultural arena.
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Illustrations in that sensestand as stringent element by which science and art can find a common ground.Known as a carpenter, stonemason, and as an engineer, al-Harithi’s talents do notcome to an end at that point. He was a peculiar woodcarver who made large wooden doors atthe
bimaristan
al-Nuri in Damascus (Figure 2.) The door has advanced geometric decorationsand vegetal ornaments. As Tabbaa states, “the logic, originality, and beauty of this geometricdesign testify to the genius of its maker.”
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It is said that al-Harithi also designed other doorsof the hospital. Besides, he also read astronomy,
hadith
, grammar and poetry and even wrote
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Zeki Sönmez,
 Başlangıcından 16. Yüzyıla Kadar Anadolu Türk-İslam Mimarisinde Sanatçılar,
Türk TarihKurumu Basımevi, Ankara, 1989, pg. 258

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas

Islamic Arts Museum Islamic Art Calligraphy And Architecture Designs Patterns Wallpapers Desktop Wallpapers Hd Calligraphy Wallpapers Calligraphy Canvas Wallpapers Canvas